Sprained Ankle

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common injury in sports1,2,3,4,5. This is how almost all the articles started out. This is an injury I have seen over the past years as a player and coach. A player on my team this year suffered this injury during our basketball season and she was out for a few weeks. This really hurt our team since I only had 7 players on my team this year. This had me wondering if there was anything I could have done differently as a coach to prevent her injury since it was done during a drill. There are several ligaments surrounding the bones to form the ankle, which are the syndesmotic ligament, lateral collateral ligament, and medial collateral ligament.5 Lateral ankle sprains can occur in several different ways when playing sports. Players can step on another player or landing from a jump. From doing this research, I would like to find some different ways to treat ankle injuries and if there are different outcomes from these treatments. Methods To conduct my research, I used the resources from the Southern Utah University Online Library. I used the search engine to find peer reviewed articles. I was searching for articles about ankle sprains and treatment of those injuries. I searched for words such as, ankle injury, prevention, and treatment. I found several peer reviewed articles about ankle sprains and different methods of treatment. There was also an article that was very useful from the National Athletic Trainers' Association that had a lot of different topics of information that very helpful. Discussion Ankle sprains can occur through many different activities. It is the most common sports injury among athletes1,2,3,4,5. This injury happens because of a plantar flexion and inversion. 3 The ligaments that are affected by ankle sprains are the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular ligament. 2 After an ankle injury occurs it must be determined what kind of sprain has happened. It can be classified as a grade I, grade II, or grade III with grade I being mild and grade III most severe. 2 When an ankle sprain occurs there can be inflammation of the ankle, loss of function, and instability. 1 There are different ways to diagnosis an ankle sprain such as range of motion, special tests, and MRI are just a few ways that an ankle sprain can be diagnosed. 2 There have been many different ways to treat ankle sprains. If not properly treated, ankle sprains can be reoccurring, 10-40% of people who have suffered from ankle sprains will have another sprain occur.6 Several different studies have been conducted to help with the treatment and rehabilitation of ankle sprains. Three different studies were used to help gain a better understanding about the treatment and rehabilitation of ankle injuries. In these studies, ankle taping, isometric testing and physical therapy were used to help with ankle injury recovery. In one study, ankle taping was used to see if it would reduce the â€Å"latency of the perneus longus and increase dynamic stabilization of the ankle† 4 pg. 54 Two groups were used, one group with no previous ankle injuries and another group who had suffered from a pervious ankle injury and the testing occurred over two days. 4 The leg that was being tested would either be taped or not depending on the trial. The foot would be inverted at 25 degrees. This was done for 10 trials and EMG was used to record the data. 4 After this study was conducted it showed that the ankle taping was helpful in providing more stability to the ankle compared to the ankle not being taped. 4 This shows that ankle taping can be a useful tool when trying to prevent the ankle from inversion. It also showed that it could be helpful for people who have had an ankle sprain and also for those who have not had an ankle injury. When thinking about injury prevention, someone who has not suffered from an ankle sprain might not think it is important to have his or her ankle taped. This was a good study to look at and see how this could be a beneficial tool to use for ankle injuries and how isometric training can be used help with rehabilitation after an injury. Treatment of ankle sprains is an important part of recovery so an athlete or any other person can go back to normal physical activities, whether it is sports or other activities. In another study, the rehabilitation after an ankle sprain was looked at using isometric testing. Two groups were used for this study and both groups had at home protocol that they completed.1 Each group had exercises to complete at home, an ankle brace to wear and cryotherapry to use after exercises. 1 Cryotherpary was used this treatment method 3-4 times a day for 15-20 minutes, this was done to help with pain and swelling and to reduce inflammation. 1 The use of isometric testing is used to help show how much inversion and eversion is affected. 1 The use of isometric training can be used to monitor the progress during treatment for ankle sprains and can also be used to help make programs for individualized for each athlete. 1 This study had patients completing a program where they completed different exercises at home and tests were also completed to check the progress of each person during their rehabilitation. Several different outcomes were measured such as pain, ankle circumference, lower extremity functional scale, square hop test, and isometric ankle testing. 1 These test are helpful when people are trying to recover from an ankle injury. The use of isometric testing is a good way to track progress and could possibility help with the recovery process to go quickly. Physical therapy can be a tool used to help with the recovery process of an ankle injury. The final study looked at physical therapy being a good way to help treat ankle injuries. Two groups were used in this study one group who received physical therapy and another group who did not. 5 The group who participation in the physical therapy program had improved results in pain reduction, dorsal and plantar flexion improved, and muscles were strengthen. 5 The use of physical therapy can be a beneficial way help someone who has suffered from an ankle injury recover more quickly. After reading these three studies about different ways to help the recovery and monitor progress of ankle injuries, there were some beneficial ideas. The main one is that physical therapy or at home exercises can help with the healing process. Also, each athlete or patient should have an individualized program for recovery. This can help aid in the recovery of an athlete from their injury and return to play more quickly. There are a few limitations from these studies as well and more research should be conducted. In the study with physical therapy used the sample size for each group was very small with only three patients in each group. 5 Facilities or equipment used should also be looked at. Isometric testing is a great way test patients and come up with individualized programs but could be very expensive or obtain this type of testing depending on what is available to each program. Prevention of injuries is important for keeping athletes playing and taking time away from their sports season. In the article from the National Athletic Trainers' Association, three different ideas were given for the prevention of ankle injuries. The first suggestion is a prevention program for athletes for three months. 2 This type of program would include exercises that would help balance and neuromuscular control. 2 For athletes who have suffered an ankle injury previously might feel better if they train to help prevent their injury. They might even feel a sense of security by training. Another prevention measure is increasing strength in the leg and hips. 2 Finally, dorsiflexion range of motion could also be trained, if it is limited. 2 Knowing if an athlete has suffered from an ankle injury and ways to help strengthen the ankle and leg could prevent another injury. An athlete should take any preventive measure decrease their chances of suffering from an injury. Once an athlete has recovered from an injury, there is always a question of when they should return to play. There is a physical and mental part of returning to play. For an athlete, there is mental part of coming back from an injury. They might have feelings of nervousness to play because of risk of getting injured again. Before an athlete can return to play there should be a physical examination done by the athletic trainer. The trainer could complete different tests to check for the readiness of a player to return to games or practices. According to the National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement, tests such as single-legged hop and Star Excursion Balance Test could be used to measure an athletes' injured leg.2 The athlete should be at 80% functional performance. 2 Athletes should also consider wearing ankle braces or taping for extra support during practices and games. 2 Each athlete should be looked at individually when returning to play and should be ready both physically and mentally to come back. One controversy that one mentioned for ankle sprains was the use of different types of shoes. According to one article,2 there have been studies conducted about low-top and high-top shoes. In basketball, players might wear high-top shoes but in sports like football low-top shoes could be worn. There have been studies done with conflicting results if you wear low-top or high-top shoes with ankle stabilizers could help prevent ankle sprains.2 Some studies showed that high-top shoes and ankle taping was more helpful in preventing ankle injuries.2 While another study showed that wearing low-top shoes with ankle braces was more helpful in preventing ankle injuries.2 I found this interesting that shoes could make a difference if they were low-top or high-top. Future research results on this topic would be interesting to see if there is a certain type of footwear that could help prevent ankle injuries and if there could be one consensus about this topic. Conclusion In conclusion, athletes in all sports see this injury too often. From conducting this research, I learned a lot about ankle injuries, which I have also seen during my time as a coach and player. I have learned about the different methods to treat this injury and the use of different techniques and exercises. I hope to take away some ideas about prevention of this injury with the use of different exercises that can be used. Ankle taping and ankle braces could also be a good way to help support the ankle after an injury. It is important for coaches and players to learn about this injury and the different ways to prevent and recovery from this injury if it does occur. References Gediminas T, Aleksandras K, Lankaite D. Isometric eversion and inversion testing after acute ankle sprains. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2014;57. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.978.Kaminski TW, Hertel J, Amendola N, et al. National Athletic Trainers Association Position Statement: Conservative Management and Prevention of Ankle Sprains in Athletes. Journal of Athletic Training. 2013;48(4):528-545. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.02.Kernozek T, Durall CJ, Friske A, Mussallem M. Ankle Bracing, Plantar-Flexion Angle, and Ankle Muscle Latencies During Inversion Stress in Healthy Participants. Journal of Athletic Training. 2008;43(1):37-43. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.1.37.Knight AC, Weimar WH. Effects of previous lateral ankle sprain and taping on the latency of the peroneus longus. Sports Biomechanics. 2012;11(1):48-56. doi:10.1080/14763141.2011.637121.Popa C-E. The Effectiveness of Physical Therapy Methods and Techniques in Treating Post-Immobilization Ankle Sprains. Gymnasium. 2017;XVIII(2):19. doi:10.29081/gsjesh.2017.18.2.02.Vries JSD, Kingma I, Blankevoort L, Dijk CNV. Difference in balance measures between patients with chronic ankle instability and patients after an acute ankle inversion trauma. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2010;18(5):601-606. doi:10.1007/s00167-010-1097-1.

Kudler and the True Meaning of Marketing

Use the Virtual Organization link on the student website to access additional company information on Kudler Fine Foods. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper in which you justify the importance of marketing research in developing Kudler Fine Foods’ marketing strategy and tactics. Include the following: Identify the areas where additional market research is needed. Analyze the importance of competitive intelligence and analysis regarding the development of Kudler Fine Foods’ marketing strategy and tactics. A marketing analysis conducted for the Kudler Fine Foods to obtain a complete and comprehensive review of the potential the organizational strategic plan of Kudler fine foods from, marketing view points and, customer viewpoints. Also going through the marketing strategies of Kudler will allow an understanding of the company's competitiveness within the organization and with other known business like Kudler fine foods. This will allow us to tell the weather or not Kudler fine foods is a reliable and successful company or if it needs major improvements to keep up with the standards set forth by the competitors. Kudler Fine Foods has a strong self-driven and determined market and work place. Some ways they make themselves a great part of the exclusive market of fine foods. Some of Kudler’s ways Kudler makes this possible is by the expertise that is given with the gourmet setting at all the locations from the wine to the cheeses and other fine foods. Kudler went over and beyond to make sure the expertise was carried out by the use of the surveys they had customers and visitors to complete in 2010 and 2011. According to these surveys, Kudler showed strengths and weakness that they hold above the competitors are the outstanding customer relations and the enormous selection of the world’s best fine foods. The gourmet food was satisfactory for the money that was spent and appreciated by the majority of their customers. The high quality food for the right price and how the right price is deterred is another fine example of the marketing research. Some weaknesses of Kudler is indicated in the same customer surveys that where received these included the marketing Kudler uses for customer service and the display of the merchandise. In this instance Kudler can easily change the way it displays the merchandise and make the displays more attractive to make the equally appeal the intended customers. This Is a great example of when Kudler needs to do marketing research to help find answers and resources to fix the problems. Excellent customer service is Kudler’s primary focus this was noticed by the majority of the customers that responded to the surveys. It is impossible to please everyone and Kudler knows this, but is striving to do the best job possible. A possible way to change the outlook of some Kathy Kudler could retrain her staff by reminding them of the importance of Kudler’s customers and the service they are given when visiting Kudler fine foods. It is with the upmost importance that business need to remember is that customer service is and should be to upmost priority in a prospering business. Without excellent customer service is it impossible to have a high achieving company like Kudler fine foods Kudler Fine Foods is an astonishing company with the highest goals in providing the upmost best in customer satisfaction to the extent of the capabilities of the gourmet superstar. Kudler is dedicated to making everyone’s experience the best possible. When at Kudler’s they make sure if you can’t find it in the store that they find a way to find it for you. Keeping this in mind Kudler fine foods is a highly competitive business structure with some of the best priorities that there could be. Kudler can and will be a highly remarkable company in the future as long as they keep up the importance of outstanding customer service and relations. Also it is a must that Kudler keeps up with the changing demand structures in the economy to keep a large supply of the demanded goods. With excellent service and an excellent inventory this company will prosper and grow. A Kudler fine food has a mild marketing approach at some point it may be necessary to change the marketing approach to meet the demand of the company and the sales. Keeping a close eye on the market and its competitors is a must. Some down falls of Kudler fine foods could be the focus on the surveys. Lowering the drive for the surveys could help ease some of the customer’s feedback, but with this in mind it may be a necessary to keep the comfort of the customers. Keeping customer satisfaction is a must. At the same time and can be over done in the ways the company harps on the surveys. One possible way of correcting this issue is to simply ask in person if there are any concerns or anything they would like to see. Another way this can be achieved is to have a comment box on the company web site and in the stores. This could be a nonchalant way of getting the information needed without harassing the customers with bothersome surveys. For the most part customers do only gripe or complain if something is wrong. On the other side of this note many customers will let you know if you ask, but the way this is asked can be done in other ways. Some companies use marketing schemes at the checkout such as promotions and bugging customers with questions at checkout this is not always the way to do things though. This type of conduct can annoy and bother customers. An annoyed customer is most likely not going to come back unless they just half to. Keeping competitive and treating customers with the best of care is a quality that is lacking in society and the business community today. Kudler fine food is well on its way to setting the mild stone of the customer relations world. Keeping this standard along with the highest competitive prices and outstanding selection of gourmet foods will drive this company in a good and prosperous direction. References American Marketing Association. (2013). marketing power. Retrieved from http://www.marketingpower.com/AboutAMA/Pages/DefinitionofMarketing.aspx Business Dictionary. (2013). business dictionary meaning of marketing. Retrieved from http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/marketing.html#ixzz2R

Slash Pine, Southern Yellow Pine Tree Species Overview

The slash pine tree (Pinus elliottii) is one of four southern yellow pines native to southeastern United States. Slash pine is also called southern pine, yellow slash pine, swamp pine, pitch pine, and Cuban pine. Slash pine, along with longleaf pine, is a commercially important pine tree and one of the most frequently planted timber species in North America. Two varieties are recognized: P. elliottii var. elliottii, the slash pine most frequently encountered, and P. elliottii var. densa, that grows naturally only in the southern half of peninsula Florida and in the Keys. The Slash Pine Tree Range: Slash pine has the smallest native range of the four major southern United States pines (loblolly, shortleaf, longleaf and slash). Slash pine can grow and is often planted throughout the southern United States. The pines native range includes the entire state of Florida and in the southern counties of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina. Slash Pine Needs Moisture: Slash pine, in its native habitat, is common along streams and the edges of swamps, bays and hammocks of the Florida Everglades. Slash seedlings can not stand wildfire so ample soil moisture and standing water protects young seedlings from destructive fire. Improved fire protection in the South has allowed slash pine to spread to drier sites. The resulting increase in acreage was possible because of slash pines frequent and abundant seed production, rapid early growth, and ability to withstand wildfires after the sapling stage. Identification of Slash Pine: The evergreen slash pine is a medium to large tree that can often grow beyond 80 feet in height. The slash pine crown is cone-shaped during the first few years of growth but rounds and flattens as the tree ages. The tree trunk is usually straight which makes it a desirable forest product. Two to three needles grow per bundle and are about 7 inches long. The cone is just over 5 inches long. Uses of Slash Pine: Because of its rapid growth rate, slash pine has great valuable for tree planting on timber plantations, especially in the southeastern United States. Slash pine supplies a large portion of the resin and turpentine produced in the United States. History suggests that the tree has produced most of the Worlds oleoresin over the last two centuries. Slash pine is cultivated in warm climates worldwide for lumber and paper pulp. The excellent quality of lumber gives slash pine the name hard yellow pine. The pine is only rarely used as an ornamental landscape plant outside the deep South. Damaging Agents that Hurt Slash Pine: The most serious disease of slash pine is fusiform rust. Many trees are killed and others may become too deformed for high value forest products like lumber. Resistance to the disease is inherited, and several programs are underway to breed fusiform resistant strains of slash pine. Annosus root rot is another serious disease of slash pine in thinned stands. It is most damaging on soils where slash seedlings are transplanted and is not a problem in native flatwoods or shallow soils with heavy clay. Infections begin when spores germinate on fresh stumps and spread to adjacent trees through root contact.

The Importance Of A Valuable Tool For Mental Skills And...

Mindful breathing teaches how to quiet the everlasting dialogue that truly ravages our brain. It is really simplification of the present without thoughts about the past, the future, or any baggage in between. Simply just breathing deeply while focusing on each breath is mindful breathing. The end result is better mental clarity, focus, and increased physical and mental performance benefiting athletes, students, pilots, and businessmen, to name a few. This discussion covers: reasons why to conduct this valuable tool to enhance mental skills and improve health, mindful breathing in sports, techniques on how to conduct it, and my personal experience and suggestions. Why conduct mindful breathing? It clears the mind allowing one to shed unnecessary and distracting thoughts, thereby reducing the low-grade anxiety associated with the â€Å"monkey mind† that constantly involves itself in planning, catastrophizing, or wishing for something different. Taking time to be in the moment with a short break allows the brain’s muscle to recover and recharge. This improves one’s job performance to include sports and academics, enhances relationships, and can help one fall asleep faster. Health benefits include a stronger immune system due to less stress and lower blood pressure, less skin issues from psoriasis, and less symptoms associated with lung disease plus mindful breathing reduces stress on the heart. Mindful breathing in sports. This mental training tool has been used sinceShow MoreRelatedReflective Reflection938 Words   |  4 Pageshow an individual can implement reflection in their learning experiences. Applying skills of reflection to a particular learning experience such as induction week will be the main focus of this essay as it will convey the importance of reflecting upon the experience of working with other students. 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A Hunting Trip with Friends in Hunters in the Snow by...

Hunters in the Snow by Tobias Wolff is about three friends-Tub,Kenny, and Frank-who have arranged to go hunting which is something that they do on a regular basis. Kenny taunts Tub about him being overweight and Frank about his affair with a 15 year old girl. Throughout the entire day of the hunting trip, Kenny was taunting the two men. A series of events takes place on the hunting trip which makes it noticeable that their problems are much deeper than just one day of hunting, Kenny taunts and bullies the men on a more regular basis than just this one day of hunting which leads up to the men letting Kenny die in the back of the truck. Kenny showed that he does not care about the men or their surroundings during the peak of the story when he shoots the dog in the head. When Tub asks him why he did that he replies He was just barking. (Pg.170) Kenny says that Tub will be next to be shot as he continues to just shoot anything in sight. 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They justify their lies with their own insecurities about their lifestyles. Their lies

College Is a Waste of Time and Money free essay sample

Her final claim is that college does not prepare most students for the real world and the jobs they will have once they graduate. Bird believes most students are not in college for the reason, which is to learn, but many of them are there because it has become â€Å"the thing to do,† they want to be supported financially by their parents or tax payers, their parents want them to go, or because going to college is better than getting a nine to five job. Because students are in college for the wrong reasons, they are unhappy there. According to Bird’s findings, only 25% of students enter college because they have a desire to learn. For the other 75%, it is just a social center or even a prison. She believes they are unhappy in college because they see themselves as â€Å"unwanted adults. † Many students see their time in college as a sentence to be served before they can serve a purpose in society. We will write a custom essay sample on College Is a Waste of Time and Money or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bird confirms her argument by citing research by the Carnegie Commission which estimates that 5-30% of students are in college reluctantly and that according to a study by Leon Lefkowitz, 200 of 300 students felt that a college education was a waste of money (Bird 2). In her argument about students being unhappy in college she uses all three methods of persuasion, but her main argumentative tool is pathos. She deeply explains the unhappiness that college students feel in an attempt to evoke sympathy from the audience. She also uses ethos in this first section by establishing herself as a knowledgeable source of information about college students. Bird’s second point is that, contrary to popular belief, college is not the best monetary investment a young person can make. Bird explains this by comparing the money that would be spent on education versus money that is put in a bank for interest. The outcome shows investing money that would otherwise be spent on a college education would earn over half a million dollars more than the earnings of a male college graduate compared to a non-graduate. Bird also states that even if a graduate makes more money in their job than a non-graduate, there is no evidence that the higher income is due to their college education. She attributes financial success to luck rather than a college education. In this argument she mainly puts forth logical reasons why college is not for everyone. She shows actual dollar amounts that logically prove an education is not necessarily the most profitable investment. Bird’s final point is that college does not prepare most people for the jobs they are going to have in the future. She states the work attached to most jobs is totally unrelated to their college education. For example, although there are many graduates with a psychology degree, there are only so many jobs in psychology. The remaining graduates are forced to find jobs with work unrelated to the degree they have obtained. Also, she brings up the point that college does not make people intelligent and successful, but successful and intelligent people go to college. In this argument she uses pathos in her argument because her statements could make students fearful that they are wasting their time in college because it is not going to help them in the future. She also uses logos by backing up her point with facts and giving statistics about how many graduates there are in certain fields and how many jobs there are available in those fields . She concludes with four main points: college does not make people intelligent, ambitious, happy or liberal, but those types of people are the kind that attend college and are attracted to higher education; college cannot take credit for the important learning experiences students have while they are there; many college classes leave even determined students disappointed; and finally that having a degree in college won’t necessarily help a person get a job.

Special Relativity Essays - Thomas Hardy, Pantheists,

Special Relativity ESPECIALLY ... ... of Hardy's Poems as Seen through the characters is a study concerning Hardy's capability of presenting irony of situation in his poetry. The analysis deals ... www.petra.ac.id/english/petra/studentarea/finalpaper/letters/ sas-7-94.htm - 64k - Cached - Similar pages Poetry term papers and more term papers - examples - 165- ... ... 5 page analysis of three poems that personify objects or objectify humans. The writer examines Walt Whitman's 'To A Locomotive In Winter,' Thomas Hardy's 'The ... www.getapaper.com/categories/165-013.html - 55k - Cached - Similar pages POEMS OF 1912-13 (THOMAS HARDY 1840-1928) ... web pages are intended to help you in your critical analysis and understanding of Hardy's poetry. All of the poems occur in Hardy's collection Poems of 1912-13 ... www.sunderland.ac.uk/nevicflash/poetcrit/HardyIGR/Hardyfound.htm - 3k - Cached - Similar pages THOMAS HARDY AND THE MAYOR OF CASTERBRIDGE ... by Thomas Hardy's from Project Bartleby; Thomas Hardy Poems from the Poetry Archive; Analysis of Thomas Hardy's The Convergence of the Twain; Review of Novel; ... www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/3211/hardy.html - 12k - Cached - Similar pages Thamas Hardys, The ... ... disruption midway through the poem. Unlike most poets who keep their poems in chronological order to maintain suspense throughout the poem, Hardy believed that ... www.*.com/Reports/Poetry/Thamas_Hardys__The_Convergeance_of_Twain.shtml - 15k - Cached - Similar pages Research papers and research papers on Poetry - 165-011 ... 5 page analysis of three poems that personify objects or objectify humans. The writer examines Walt Whitman's 'To A Locomotive In Winter,' Thomas Hardy's 'The ... www.dontcopy.com/categories/165-011.html - 46k - Cached - Similar pages Result Page: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next Search within results New! Get the Google Toolbar for your browser: Try your query on: AltaVista Deja Excite HotBot Infoseek Lycos Yahoo! Google Web Directory - Cool Jobs - Advertise with Us! - Add Google to your Site - Google in your Language - All About Google ?2001 Google Science